{"id":16173,"date":"2025-10-22T07:42:13","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T07:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/quartz-grinding.com\/?p=16173"},"modified":"2025-10-22T07:42:39","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T07:42:39","slug":"progress-in-research-on-attapulgite-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.quartz-grinding.com\/vi\/progress-in-research-on-attapulgite-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Attapulgite"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 Attapulgite<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Attapulgite<\/a> (Mg\u2085Si\u2088O\u2082\u2080(OH)\u2082\u00b74H\u2082O) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u00e9t c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i tinh th\u1ec3 nanorod. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 0,5-5 \u03bcm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 20-70 nm, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nano \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0,37 nm \u00d7 0,64 nm. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u00e9t silicat nh\u00f4m magie ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp. Epic Powder Machinery chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec1n tia. M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n tia MQW40 c\u1ee7a Epic Powder \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t attapulgite hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Attapulgite s\u1edf h\u1eefu di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i cation l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c, ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, x\u00fac t\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi. Nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a attapulgite. <\/em>
C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed qu\u00e9t (SEM). <\/em>
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed truy\u1ec1n qua (TEM).<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00fd h\u00f3a v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Attapulgite<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2.1 S\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a attapulgite g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. H\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ef1c Van der Waals. Trong khi h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb khi c\u1ea7u oxy Si-O-Si b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o. Bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Attapulgite lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb hydrocarbon d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, d\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Cr\u00b3\u207a, Hg\u00b2\u207a). N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u00f9i, ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 l\u1ecdc, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u00e0u trong ng\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 X\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u00eanh nano, attapulgite c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 khung h\u00ecnh cao. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u k\u00eanh nano v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t mang x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t keo v\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft, attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ba chi\u1ec1u h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. \u1ede n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, keo attapulgite th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 cao trong dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng mu\u1ed1i, kh\u00e1ng ki\u1ec1m, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m dung d\u1ecbch khoan tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 gia trong s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.4 C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Attapulgite c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh kim \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, attapulgite kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, d\u1ec5 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5p, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u00f3 tinh th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh que c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.5 Bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh Attapulgite<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a attapulgite mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau khi tinh ch\u1ebf attapulgite, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00eanh d\u1eabn nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh Attapulgite<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh<\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td><\/tr>
X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>Attapulgite m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, n\u01b0\u1edbc zeolit, n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng; di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh k\u00eanh nano m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5.<\/td>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n, x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><\/tr>
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd axit thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c cation trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac; c\u00e1c cation d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m b\u00e1t di\u1ec7n h\u00f2a tan, thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ion hydro; t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y m\u00e0u<\/td><\/tr>
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ec1m<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd ki\u1ec1m l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac pha tinh th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i; c\u00e1c cation kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng; c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nano m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ion<\/td><\/tr>
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u00e1c cation trao \u0111\u1ed5i, thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, t\u0103ng k\u00eanh nano b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5.<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ion, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>
S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/td>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit, ki\u1ec1m, mu\u1ed1i, v.v. \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5.<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td>X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u01a1n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u00e9p h\u1eefu c\u01a1-v\u00f4 c\u01a1, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc\/\u01b0a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>Ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00f4 c\u01a1 (bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit, ki\u1ec1m, mu\u1ed1i) v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd axit tr\u00ean attapulgite, trong khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon th\u1ea5p. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 c\u01a1, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd axit ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn attapulgite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Attapulgite<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1ed1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, attapulgite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t mang cho b\u1ed9t thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt b\u1eb1ng attapulgite l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t mang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a attapulgite khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c trong h\u1ed7n d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ch\u1ea5t mang thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb Attapulgite<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh hai b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Sau khi bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh tr\u01a1, \u0111\u1ed9 axit b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a attapulgite t\u0103ng t\u1eeb pKa < 1,8 l\u00ean pKa > 3,3, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Attapulgite bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t mang thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t mang silica. Trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a attapulgite, do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1eadm th\u00f4ng minh, attapulgite c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 v\u00e0 t\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c. Attapulgite \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ed1p, attapulgite t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c k\u00eanh b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c k\u00eanh n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a attapulgite v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i, oxit kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean attapulgite, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh x\u00fac t\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7n nay, attapulgite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nit\u01a1 x\u00fac t\u00e1c, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng oxy. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong n\u1ec1n polyme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.3 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n attapulgite kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o attapulgite, cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u anode pin lithium-ion th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c carbon, c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang th\u1ea5p. Attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng anode nh\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra silicon c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb attapulgite (SiATP), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf carbon l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u anode trong pin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.4 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng keo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c, attapulgite t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng thanh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u00f3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111an xen d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ef1c van der Waals \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o ra huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t keo tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn attapulgite tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c, dung d\u1ecbch khoan v\u00e0 s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.5 Ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 gia m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: Attapulgite ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u00e0u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m trong, \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u1eed m\u00e0u tr\u00ean 70% v\u00e0 l\u00e0m trong 90% cho d\u1ea7u \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m: C\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 da kh\u1ecfi tia UV, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.6 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, attapulgite \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m h\u1eefu c\u01a1, kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u0103m d\u00f2 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng attapulgite \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 k\u00eanh d\u1eabn khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/td>C\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i<\/td>Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m<\/td>C\u00e1c ion phi kim lo\u1ea1i<\/td>C\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1<\/td><\/tr>
C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh<\/td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, trao \u0111\u1ed5i cation, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>H\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, Li\u00ean k\u1ebft hydro, Ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>H\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.7 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 attapulgite kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n cao, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd vi khu\u1ea9n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 attapulgite h\u00ecnh que c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e2m kim. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n, khi\u1ebfn vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n: Attapulgite c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nano \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, attapulgite mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed s\u1eafc t\u1ed1, ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Attapulgite mang dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc th\u1ea5p.
Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c quang bismuth vanadat\/attapulgite ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y kh\u00e1ng sinh nhanh h\u01a1n 1,4 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi bismuth vanadat nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, attapulgite c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khung composite v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a attapulgite trong y sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m y t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean attapulgite. G\u1ea1c c\u1ea7m m\u00e1u nhanh t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 cao c\u1ee7a attapulgite v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c nha khoa t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u khi tr\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.8 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00e1m Attapulgite<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a attapulgite kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong gia c\u1ed1 polymer v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 canxi cacbonat, cao lanh v\u00e0 talc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, attapulgite d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a attapulgite v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nghi\u1ec1n attapulgite, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.9 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma s\u00e1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ef1a phenolic (PF), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma s\u00e1t do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t cao c\u1ee7a PF nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n r\u1eafn. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, pha t\u1ea1p h\u1ea1t cao su v\u00e0 gia c\u1ed1 s\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite PF. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i nano attapulgite (AT) m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i vi m\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111un cao (CF, GF) trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite PF. Khi attapulgite chi\u1ebfm 20% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite \u0111a nano GF\/AT\/PF v\u00e0 CF\/AT\/PF v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 400 MPa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.10 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thu gi\u1eef kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n, do \u0111\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u1edbi attapulgite bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung attapulgite v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Attapulgite c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y ra cho h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, attapulgite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh vi\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t mang c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Attapulgite trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.11 Ph\u1ee5 gia v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pin lithium<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1ng s\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi attapulgite trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c pin v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng attapulgite \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a dendrite lithium, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin kim lo\u1ea1i lithium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea1p attapulgite v\u00e0o m\u00e0ng s\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin lithium kim lo\u1ea1i. Pin \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 pin lithium s\u1eaft phosphate nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng s\u1ee3i ch\u1ee9a attapulgite \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a dendrite lithium. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 83,2 mV sau 500 gi\u1edd chu k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng 1 mA\u00b7h\/cm\u00b2 v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 2 mA\/cm\u00b2. Pin nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng s\u1ee3i attapulgite b\u1ed5 sung duy tr\u00ec dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 84,92 mA\u00b7h\/g sau 1.000 chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Jet Mill c\u1ee7a Epic Powder<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thanh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u00eanh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a attapulgite \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u, quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng attapulgite trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nano ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p chu\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p attapulgite v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Epic Powder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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